Animal Control

Sharks

In 2006, there were 62 shark attacks worldwide, of which only four were fatal. The majority of the attacks, 38, occurred in the U.S. Most shark attacks occur near the shore, typically inshore of a sandbar where sharks may be confined at low tide. However, attacks are likely anywhere sharks congregate, such as steep drop-offs, channels or river mouths. The reason why sharks attack can range from inquisitive testing to territorial responses to mistaken identity.

There are three types of unprovoked shark attacks:

• Hit and run - usually occur in the surf zone and target swimmers and surfers. The victim seldom sees the attacker, and one a bite has been inflicted the shark leaves. Most of these attacks are due to mistaken identity. However, some could also involve social behaviors unrelated to feeding, such as dominance behaviors. Injuries are usually small lacerations on the leg below the knee and are seldom life-threatening.
• Bump and bite - characterized by circling and bumping the victim before biting. Repeat attacks are common and injuries are usually severe. These attacks are common when airplane and ship accidents are involved and may be the result of deliberate feeding or combative behaviors.
• Sneak attacks - occur without warning. Repeat attacks are common and injuries are usually severe. These attacks are common when airplane and ship accidents are involved and may be the result of deliberate feeding or combative behaviors.

Precautionary measures include:

• Never swim, dive or surf alone, only in groups and only in patrolled areas.
• Don't swim in waters where sharks are known to congregate, including sandbars, steep drop-offs, channels, river mouths or murky waters.
• Keep pets out of the water.
• Don't splash excessively or make erratic movements.
• Avoid areas where animal, fish or human waste enters the water.
• Do not swim at dawn, dusk or night.
• Do not enter the water while bleeding and exit the water as soon as you notice a bleeding wound.
• If a shark is spotted, exit the water as quickly and calmly as possible without excessive splashing and noise.
• Do not wear high-contrast swimwear or shiny jewelry.
• If fish or turtles begin acting erratically, exit the water.
• Do not swim near people fishing and stay away from dead animals in the water.

In most shark attacks, massive tissue loss or bleeding is the usual cause of death. It is important to attempt to stop bleeding by applying direct pressure. All wounds need aggressive cleaning with fluids to prevent infection and must be inspected closely for tooth fragments or debris. The victim may also require a tetanus booster and antibiotics.