Rape & Sexual Assault

Anyone can be a victim of rape--women, men, gay or straight. However, nearly 90% of sexual assault victims are female. For many of these women, a sexual assault can leave behind life-changing effects, including depression, drug abuse and post-traumatic stress disorder.

If you have been a victim of sexual assault or rape, many organizations are available to provide support. Furthermore, if you suspect someone you know is a victim of sexual assault, read below to find out the warning signs of sexual abuse and what you can do to help.

Types of Sexual Assault

Approximately 73% of rape victims know their assailants. Also known as acquaintance rape, date rape occurs when a friend, date or acquaintance forces sex on another. While date rape is the most common type, other forms of rape include:

• Partner Rape: Occurs when a partner, former partner or co-habitator forces sexual acts on another.


• Stranger Rape: Occurs when a stranger forces sex on another. This rapist may brutally assault the victim without prior contact; gain his or her trust before attacking; or break into the victim's home to commit the sexual assault.

Other forms of sexual assault include:

• Child abuse
• Dating and domestic violence
• Incest
• Sexual harassment
• Stalking

Help for Rape Victims

For those who have been victims of sexual assault, it is important to get help. Various outlets are available for rape and sexual assault victims including the National Sexual Assault Hotline, which can be reached at 1-800-656-HOPE. This services partners with rape crisis centers across the country, and all calls are free and confidential. You can also search for a counseling center in your area or talk to family and friends about your sexual assault.

If you suspect a loved one is a victim of rape or sexual assault, they may be exhibiting signs of Rape Trauma Syndrome (RTS). Symptoms of RTS are normal reactions to the trauma experienced by the victim and may develop days or even months after the sexual assault. Although symptoms of RTS vary between victims, they typically include:

• Flash backs
• Depression
• Nightmares
• Low self-esteem
• Self-blame
• Crying for no reason
• Trouble with intimacy
• Forgetfulness
• Drug or alcohol abuse
• Risky behavior
• Anxiety attacks
• Feelings of vulnerability

If you believe your friend or family member has been a victim of rape, be patient and listen. Remember that it will take time for your loved one to recover from the assault. Encourage them to report the incident to law enforcement and to speak with someone from the National Sexual Assault Hotline. However, remember that, in the end, it is the victim's decision whether to get help.

Helpful Links for Sexual Assault Victims

• RAINN: Rape, Abuse, and Incest National Network
• Medline Plus: Rape and Sexual Assault
• Violence Against Women State Resources
• National Sexual Violence Resource Center

Note: Rape is forced sexual intercourse, while sexual assault occurs when unwanted sexual contact stops just short of rape or attempted rape. Many states use these words interchangeably, while others do not. For an exact legal definition, check your state laws.