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Home » Consumer Information » Sports Injuries » Ankle Injuries

Ankle Sprains

An ankle sprain is a very common injury and involves the stretching or tearing of ligaments. Each year, approximately 2 million people are treated for ankle sprains or strains. Sprains account for 85% of all ankle injuries and 45% of all sports-related injuries. They become a recurring injury in about half of the patients. Most people, about 85%, experience an inversion sprain, when the foot turns inwards and damages the outer ligament of the ankle.

Ankle sprains are divided into three categories:

First degree ankle sprain:

  • Some stretching or minor tearing of ligaments.
  • Mild pain and swelling.
  • Some difficulty walking.

Second degree ankle sprain:

  • Moderate tearing of ligaments.
  • Moderate pain and swelling.
  • Moderate difficulty walking.
  • Minor instability of the joint.

Third degree ankle sprain:

  • Rupture of a ligament.
  • Instability of the joint.
  • Severe pain and swelling.
  • Inability to bear weight.

To treat an ankle sprain, employ the RICE method (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation). Resting the foot will prevent further damage, and crutches should be used to prevent applying pressure to the ankle. Once you are able to bear weight without pain, it is best to do so because it accelerates the recovery process. Applying ice will initially reduce the swelling and later aid in blood flow. Compression also reduces swelling and provides ankle support. Elevating the ankle allows blood to flow away from the sprain and thus reduces the amount of swelling.

Since ankle injuries are usually accidental, it is difficult to prevent them. However, always wearing proper fitting shoes that offer support around the ankle will lower the chances and severity of an injury. Ankle injuries tend to be recurrent, so following a rehabilitation program and doing strengthening exercises will reduce your chances of a repeat injury.

Common ankle injuries include:

  • Sprains
  • Footballer's ankle
  • Tarsal tunnel syndrome